Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant threat to patient safety in hospitals, and effective disinfection is crucial to minimize their spread. Two common technologies used  to do this are HEPA filters and UV light for hospital disinfection. 

While both methods can play an important role, they work very differently. HEPA filters trap particles like dust and virus-carrying aerosols, whereas UV light – and particularly UVC — actually destroys bacteria, viruses, and fungi directly. This makes UVC highly effective, even against MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria that can cause hard-to-treat infections. Understanding these differences between the two allows you to make informed decisions about which technology, or combination of technologies, best suits the needs of your hospital or health care facility. 

For reliable and cutting-edge UV light disinfection systems for hospital buildings, contact Farlite Solutions today. We can provide a custom quote for your space.

HEPA Filters in Hospitals

HEPA, or High-Efficiency Particulate Air, filters are effective at removing particulate matter. They work like a very fine net, blocking large particles and capturing many smaller floating particles.

These filters work through a combination of three main mechanisms. First, interception occurs when larger particles, like dust bunnies, bump into the filter fibers and get stuck. Second, impaction happens when heavier particles can’t follow the airflow and crash into the fibers. Finally, diffusion is the most interesting part. Small particles move around randomly due to air molecule collisions. This random movement increases their chances of bumping into a fiber and being captured.

HEPA filters are designed to trap a wide range of particulate matter. This includes common allergens like dust and pollen, which can trigger allergies and asthma. More importantly for hospitals, HEPA filters are effective at removing virus-carrying airborne and bacteria-laden particles. These particles can remain suspended in the air for extended periods and can be inhaled, potentially spreading infections. By removing these contaminated particles, HEPA filters have a role in reducing the spread of airborne illnesses. They also capture mold spores, which can be problematic for patients with weakened immune systems and allergies.

These filters are relatively simple to maintain. The filters need to be replaced periodically, but the process is straightforward. However, they do have some limitations. While they are excellent at trapping particles, they do not kill microorganisms. The trapped bacteria and viruses remain on the filter, so proper filter disposal is crucial to prevent the spread of contamination. If the used filter is handled carelessly, the trapped pathogens can be released back into the air. Additionally, they require proper airflow and ventilation systems to be truly effective. If the airflow is poor, the filters won’t be able to capture particles efficiently.

UV Light Disinfection for Hospital Buildings

UV light disinfection, and particularly germicidal UV light, or UVC, [KJ1]  inactivates harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and fungi by damaging the DNA or RNA of these organisms. This prevents them from replicating and effectively neutralizing them. UV light is highly effective against a broad range of pathogens, including tiny, aerosolized particles and others unaffected by traditional cleaning methods.

UV disinfection is used in hospitals in two main ways: surface disinfection and air disinfection.

Surface Disinfection: UVC light can be used to disinfect surfaces like bed rails, equipment, and even room surfaces. Special UVC emitting devices are used to irradiate the target area for a specific amount of time, ensuring that a sufficient dose of light reaches all exposed surfaces. These devices can range from handheld units for spot disinfection to larger, mobile robots that can disinfect entire rooms. To be effective, all surfaces must be directly exposed to the UVC light for the recommended duration. Unfortunately, dust, dirt, or other debris can interfere with the UV light’s ability to reach and damage the microorganisms. In some cases these devices can only be used without occupants or with PPE, which can disrupt a hospital’s work flow.

Air Disinfection: UVC light can also be used to disinfect the air within a room or large open space. This method is particularly useful in reducing the spread of aerosolized infections like influenza. While some UVC fixtures are wall-mounted, Farlite’s UVC UVPhasor fixtures are specifically engineered to be mounted on the ceiling, creating a zone of disinfection in the upper part of the room. Natural air convection currents draw air upwards into this zone, where the UVC light inactivates airborne pathogens. This method is safe for use in occupied spaces as the UV light is contained in the upper part of the room, away from people.

Choosing the Right Technology for Your Hospital

HEPA and UV are often considered complementary technologies. A combined approach can provide comprehensive protection against both particulate and microbial contamination. For example, your hospital might want to use HEPA filters to help remove allergens, while also employing UV light disinfection to disinfect the air and surfaces.

 Carefully consider the specific disinfection and air purity needs of your hospital when choosing between HEPA and UV, or deciding on a combination. The size and layout of your hospital, as well as the existing ventilation systems, can also influence your technology choices.

You will also need to consider the safety of staff and patients, especially when it comes to UV light. HEPA filters and upper air UVC systems can operate safely in occupied rooms, while surface UV disinfection devices often require that the room be unoccupied during the disinfecting cycle.

UV Disinfection for Air Inside Hospitals

Effective hospital disinfection methods help prevent the spread of infections to patients and staff alike. To combat aerosolized pathogens, UVC air disinfection systems offer some of the best and broadest options inside hospital spaces.

For expert guidance and cutting-edge UV light disinfection solutions tailored to your hospital’s specific requirements, contact Farlite Solutions today. Our team can help you create a safer and healthier environment for everyone.